KOMUNIKASI POLITIK KIAI NU DALAM KONTESTASI PILKADA PERSPEKTIF TEORI STRUKTURASI GIDDENS
Keywords:
Political Communication, NU Kiai, Pilkada
Abstract
This study raises the issue of political communication of kiai Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) in the contestation of regional head elections (Pilkada) and the agenda of developing civil society in Pasuruan Regency. Giddens' (1984) theory of structuration is used as a point of departure to develop key themes relevant to the data. The purpose of this research with the major theme of political communication is to understand the dialectical complexity between structure and agency that places the kiai (agent) as creative individuals and has the transformative capacity to produce and reproduce structures that on the one hand tend to limit (limiting-disable) and on the other hand, tend to be limiting. the other party enables (enabling) action, all of which is carried out by the kiai in his position as a political communicator of the religious elite for the development of civil society. This theme becomes interesting because there are many NU kiai who are directly or indirectly involved in the political map of the Pilkada that took place in this country. In fact, on one side of the organization, NU as a forum for the organization of the kiai has declared khithah as the paradigm of its struggle.
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References
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Ritzer, George, 2000, Sociological Theory, Singapore: McGraw-Hill Book. Companies House, Inc.
Robertson, Roland, 1970, The Sociological Interpretation of Religion, New York: Schocken Books.
Schlegel, Stuart S. 1977. Grounded Research di dalam Ilmu-ilmu Sosial. Aceh: PLPIIS.
Schroeder, Ralph, 1992, Max Weber and the Sociology of Culture, London: Sage Publication
Sparringa, Daniel, 1997, Discaourse, Democracy an Intellectuals in New Order Indonesia: A Qualitative Sociological Study, Australia: A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The Flinders University of South Australia.
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Thompson, John B., 1984, Ideology and the Analysis of Discourse: A Critical Introduction to the Work of Michel Pecheux” dalam Studies in The Theori of Ideology. University of California Press, USA.
Tischler, Henri L., 1990, Introduction to Sociology, Chicago: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Turmudi, Endang , 2004, Perselingkuhan Kiai dan Kekuasaan, Yogyakarta: LkiS.
Turner, Bryan S, 1998, The Blackwell Companion to Social Theory, Blackwell Publisher, USA.
..........,1982b, 'Human Agency and Social Structure: A Critique of Giddens ; dalam Anthony Giddens: Consensus and Controversy, Ed. Clark, )., Modgil, C., dan Modgil, J., Brighton: Falmer Press.
………., 1959a. "The Javanese Kiai: The Changing Role of Cul¬tural Broker", dalam Comparative Studies in Society and History, (2): 250-256.
………., 1973. "Religion as a Cultural System", dalamThe In¬terpretation of Culture. New York: Basic Book.
………., 1979, Central Problems in Social Theory. London: Mac Milan.
………., 1984, The Constitution of Society The Outline of The Theory of Structuration. Cambrigde: Polity Press.
………., 1989, "A Reply to My Critics" dalam Social Theory of Modern Societies: Anthony Giddens and his Critics, Ed. Held dan Thompson, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
………., 1991, Modernity and Self-Identity. Cambrigde: Polity Press.
………., 2002, Thr Third Way The Renewali of social democracy. Cambrigde: Polity Press.
………., 2004, Sociology Fourth Edition. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
……….,1959b. "The Javanese Village", dalam G William Skinner, (ed.). Local Ethnic and National Loyalities in Vil¬lage Indonesia: A Symposium. Yale University Cultural Report Series, Southeast Asian Studies.
Abdullah, M. Amin., 1999. Agama, Kebenaran, dan Relativitas (Sebuah Pengantar). Dalam Gregory Baum Agama dalam Bayang-bayang Relativisme Sebuah Analisis Sosiologi Pengetahuan Karl Mannheim tentang Sintesa Kebenaran Historis-Normatif. Yogyakarta: PT. Tiara Wacana Bekerjasama dengan Siprus.
Almond, Gabrieldan B Gingham Powel, Comperatif Politics; A Development Approach, Boston:Little Brown, 1966. 78.
Anwar Arifin, Komunikasi Politik (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka,, 2003), 48.
Archer, M.S, 1982a, 'Morphogenesis versus Structure and Action; British Journal of Sociology, Vol. 33 No.4.
Arifin, Anwar. 2006. Ilmu Komunikasi : sebuah pengantar ringkas. Jakasrta. PT. Raja Grafindo Persada
Astrid S, Susanto. Komunikasi Sosial di Indonesia, Bandung : Bina Cipta, 1985, hal 34
Avesson, M. and Skoldberg, K., 2000, Reflexive Methodology: New Vistas for Qualitative Research, London: Sage Publications.
Bachruddin Ali Akhmad, Momunikasi Politik, Yogyakarta:Aswaja Presindo, 1999, 67
Barnes, 2001, "Symbolic Interaction at the End of the Century", dalam Ritzer, G. and Smart, B., Handbook of Social Theory, London: Sage Publications.
Beilharz, P., 2002, Sosial Theory: A Guide to Central Thinkers, Alih Bahasa Sigit Jatmiko, Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Berger, P. And Luckmann., 1967, The Social Construction of Reality, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday.
Bryant, C.G.A., and David, 1991, Giddens' Theory of Structuration: A Critical Appreciation. London: Routledge.
Clifford Geertz, The Javanese, Kiyahi the Change Riles of Cultural Broker, Comparative
Studies in Social and Antroplogy, (tt: tp 1960), 250-256
Craib, I., 1992, Anthony Giddens, London: Routledge.
Creswell, J.W., 1994, Research Design: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, Jakarta: KIK Press Kalangan Sendiri.
Dan D Nimmo, Komunikasi Politik ; Khalayak dan Efek. Bandung :Remaja Rosdakarya, 2006.
Denzin, N.K., dan Lincoln., 2000, Handbook of Qualitative Research. London: Sage Publications.
Dessler, G., 1992, Organization Theory: Integrating Structure and Behavior. Singapore: Simon and Schuster (Asia) Pte. Ltd.
Endang Turmudi, Perselingkuhan kiai dan kekuasaan, Yogyakarta : LKiS Yogyakarta., 2004.
Giddens, A. 1984. The Constitution of Society-Outline Of The Theory Of Structuration, Polity Press.
Giddens, A., 1977, Studies in Social and Political Theory. London: Hutchinson
Greetz, C., 1961. The Religion of Java. Glencoe: The Free Press.
Guba, E., 1990, "The Alternative Paradigm", dalam Guba, E., Ed., The Paradigm Dialog, Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
Haralambos, M. Holborn, M., dan Heald, 2000, Sociology: Themes and Perspectives, Hammersmith: HarperCollins Publisher Ltd.
Hefner, Robert W. 1987. "Islamizing Java?: Religion and Politics in Rural East Java", dalam The Journal of Asian Studies, 46 (3): 533-553.
Hertz, R., Ed., 1996, "Introduction: Reflexity and Voice", Qualitative Sociology, 19: 3-9.
Hiroko Horikosi, Kyai dan Perubahan Sosial (Jakarta: P3M, 1987), hlm. 240
Holton, R., 2001, "Symbolic Interaction at the End of the Century", dalam Ritzer, G. and Smart, B., Handbook of Social Theory, London: Sage publications.
Horikoshi, Hiroko, 1976, ” A Traditional Leader in a Time of Change: The Kiai and Ulama in West Java”. Disertasi Doktor, University of Illinois.
https://gusdurian.net/cerita-seorang-pasukan-berani-mati-gus-dur-asal-pasuruan/ di akses tanggal 20 September 2022.
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insiden_Alastlogo , di akses tanggal 20 September 2022.
https://tirto.id/pembunuhan-dukun-santet-1998-sistematis-dan-terencana-dePk, di akses tanggal 20 September 2022.
Ismail SM. 2002. Dinamika Pesantren dan Madrasah. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Wazis, Kun. 2015. Strategi Politik Meraih Dukungan Massa Pondok Pesantren (Jember: Jurnal Fenomena Vol. 14, No. 1, 2015), 164-165, diakses melalui https://adoc.pub/strategi-politik-meraih-dukungan-massa-pondok-pesantren.html
Mansurnoor, 1990, Islam in an Indonesian World, Ulam of Masura, Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press.
Maxweel, Joseph A. 1996. Qualitative Research Design an Interactive Approach. California: Sage Publication.
Miftah Faridl, Peran Sosial Politik Kiai Di Indonesia, Jurnal al Isthinbath, Volume XIX No. 2 April - Juni 2003 : 135 – 151
Neuman. W.L., 1997, Sosial Research Method: Qualitative and Quantitatif Approaches. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Newman, I., dan Benz, C. R., 1998, Qualitatif-Quantitative Research Methodology: Exploring the Interactive Continum, Carbondale: Souther Illinois University Press.
Pozzebon and Pinsonneault, Challenges in Conducting Empirical Work Using Structuration Theory: Learning from IT. Research. 2001: 206-207).
Pozzebon and Pinsonneault, Structuration Theory In The Is Field: An Assessment Of Research Strategies Global Co-Operation in the New Millennium The 9th European Conference on Information Systems Bled, Slovenia, June 27-29, 2002: 206
Retna Setya rahajoe, Bentuk Komunikasi Politik Untuk Membangun Perilaku Politik Masyarakat Lokal Guna menciptakan Pemilukada Yang Aman, JKMP, ISSN,2338-445X, Vol 1 No, 1, Maret 2013
Rifa’i, Ahmad. 2005. Islam sebagai Kambing Hitam. Dalam Media Indonesia tanggal 02-04. Sila e-mel KV di vidya@tm.net.my.
Ritzer, George, 2000, Sociological Theory, Singapore: McGraw-Hill Book. Companies House, Inc.
Robertson, Roland, 1970, The Sociological Interpretation of Religion, New York: Schocken Books.
Schlegel, Stuart S. 1977. Grounded Research di dalam Ilmu-ilmu Sosial. Aceh: PLPIIS.
Schroeder, Ralph, 1992, Max Weber and the Sociology of Culture, London: Sage Publication
Sparringa, Daniel, 1997, Discaourse, Democracy an Intellectuals in New Order Indonesia: A Qualitative Sociological Study, Australia: A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The Flinders University of South Australia.
Suprayogo, Imam, 2007, Kiai dan Politik: Membaca Citra Politik Kiai, Malang: UIN Malang Press.
Thompson, John B., 1984, Ideology and the Analysis of Discourse: A Critical Introduction to the Work of Michel Pecheux” dalam Studies in The Theori of Ideology. University of California Press, USA.
Tischler, Henri L., 1990, Introduction to Sociology, Chicago: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Turmudi, Endang , 2004, Perselingkuhan Kiai dan Kekuasaan, Yogyakarta: LkiS.
Turner, Bryan S, 1998, The Blackwell Companion to Social Theory, Blackwell Publisher, USA.
Published
2023-01-06
How to Cite
Nafi, U., ., I., & ., P. (2023). KOMUNIKASI POLITIK KIAI NU DALAM KONTESTASI PILKADA PERSPEKTIF TEORI STRUKTURASI GIDDENS. IJIC: Indonesian Journal of Islamic Communication, 4(2), 106 - 133. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35719/ijic.v4i2.1783
Section
Articles
